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China'S Traditional Industrial Competitiveness Continues To Decline, So We Need To Intensify The Policy Of "Promoting Pformation".

2014/1/14 19:08:00 51

Traditional Industries Competitiveness Pformation And Upgrading

The results of field investigation and questionnaire survey of the research group of the State Council Development Research Center (P) show that foreign trade enterprises' expectations for international market demand this year have picked up, initially estimated that China's export growth may reach 10%.

However, the difficult situation of business operation is still difficult to change, and the pressure of the decline of competitiveness of traditional industries persists. It is very important to increase the policy of "promoting pformation".

the enterprises' expectation of export growth in 2014 has slightly rebounded

according to the results of the enterprise questionnaire survey in autumn of 2013 (October), the enterprises in the 200 surveyed enterprises in the country expect the export growth rate to slightly improve or significantly improve in 2014 to 56.5%, which is nearly 10 percentage points higher than that in 2013 2013 (May); the proportion of enterprises that will slightly decline or deteriorate is only 4.5%, down 7 percentage points from the same period last year.

This shows that enterprises' expectations for export growth this year have improved.

The reason for the cautious optimism of the "P" is first in the improvement of the orders in the hands.

The survey results showed that the proportion of export orders increased from 50.7% in the spring survey in 2013 to 66%. The proportion of enterprises holding 6 or more medium and long term orders reached 32.8%, which was 11 percentage points higher than that in 2013.

the recent global economic situation has further confirmed the expected changes in enterprises.

First, after the negative growth of the two quarter growth rate in 6 quarters in 2013, the euro area economy began to achieve a slight increase in the three quarter of 2013. As debt reduction and structural reform are expected to achieve further results, it is possible to get out of recession in 2014 and achieve positive growth of 1% in the whole year.

This will have a greater impact on the recovery of world economic growth.

Two, the United States was dragged down by the previous phase of the government's suspension and debt ceiling. The consumer and investor confidence index dropped slightly from the two quarter of 2013. But there are also some positive factors. The performance of the real estate market is still good, and the unemployment rate has dropped to 7.2% in four and a half years.

In 2014, despite the possible risk of QE exit, the US economic recovery trend is expected to remain unchanged due to the positive impact of financial market stability, the sustained recovery of the real estate market, the decline in unemployment rate and the slowing down of the fiscal deficit.

Three, the expansion of manufacturing and service industries in Japan is continuing and the inflation rate reaches a new high of 1.1%, indicating that the economic vitality has been strengthened. The depreciation effect of Japanese yen in 2014 and the increase of consumption tax rate will increase the risk of economic slowdown, but the adverse effects on the global economy will be limited.

Four, the recovery of the US and European economies will help stabilize the export and economic growth of emerging economies.

Overall, global economic growth in 2014 is expected to be higher than that in 2013. China's export situation may be slightly better, reaching a growth rate of around 10%.

< a > href= > //www.sjfzxm.com/news/index_c.asp > > traditional industries < /a > the declining trend of competitiveness will continue to be less than /strong > /p >

international market demand may be improved. However, the difficulties faced by Chinese enterprises will continue to increase. The increase in export costs of enterprises is a major problem.

According to the questionnaire survey, 71% of enterprises reflected the increase in export cost at the end of 2013, which was higher than that in the same period in 2012, which is higher than the 20 percentage point in the 2013 spring survey. The cost of textile and garment industry increased by 83%, which has a great impact on the international competitiveness of enterprises.

The continued appreciation of the renminbi is another main reason for the difficulty of export.

According to the bank for International Settlements, the RMB real effective exchange rate appreciation in China increased to 4.4% in 1 and October in 2013, while the depreciation rate in other BRICs countries ranged from 3.4% to 7.7%, and the East Asian countries such as Malaysia and Philippines also generally depreciated.

Under the extrusion of these factors, the export profit margins of China's foreign trade enterprises are generally low.

In the Shenzhen research group, the research group found that enterprises generally reflected the continuous decline in export efficiency.

Shenzhen mechanical and electrical chamber of Commerce said that at present, many enterprises export profits and losses are basically flat, export tax rebate has become a major source of small profits.

The problem of traditional labor-intensive industries is especially prominent. Some clothing shoes and hat manufacturers export products priced at only 1/4 to 1/5 of the domestic sales price of similar products of their enterprises.

The reason is that most exports rely on OEM production, pricing power is in the foreign market and paction prices are seriously depressed.

China's traditional labor intensive products' international a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com/news/index_c.asp" > market share < /a > has been declining for two consecutive years since 2011, and may further decline in the future. The role of pulling export growth will continue to weaken.

The share of international market share of capital and technology intensive products has increased.

However, most of these products rely on processing trade exports, brand and core technologies are in the hands of foreign multinational companies, and the ability to drive domestic enterprises' growth is relatively limited. In the future, to what extent can they compensate for the negative impact of the decline in the contribution rate of labor-intensive industries, and will be determined by the actual progress of independent innovation and industrial restructuring.

trade facilitation measures should be normalized and institutionalized /p >

1 is the policy and measures for reducing and exempting export inspection fees and legal examination catalogues. Enterprises generally reflect that they have played a greater role in reducing export costs.

Countries usually carry out strict quarantine inspection of imported goods.

Most of the commodity inspection in China's export sector can not be recognized by the importers, which often leads to duplication of inspection, increasing the time and cost of the enterprise.

It is suggested that the list of legal inspection should be gradually reduced by expanding the scope of exemption, until the cancellation of most commodity export inspection requirements.

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< --EndFragment-- > two is a supportive policy to promote the development of comprehensive service enterprises in foreign trade. It plays a positive role in promoting the innovation of foreign trade services and providing convenient services such as logistics, customs clearance, financing and tax rebates for the export of small and medium-sized enterprises.

However, at present, customs, commodity inspection and state taxation departments have not yet formed special management methods for comprehensive service industries.

It is suggested that the relevant departments should make appropriate adjustments to the existing regulations such as customs clearance, commodity inspection, tax refund, and so on, so as to further improve the promotion policy system of the comprehensive foreign trade service industry.

three is about the measures to facilitate the customs clearance of "one declaration, one inspection and one release". There is still a certain gap in the actual implementation.

The main reason is that the coordination between the relevant customs is not perfect when the export commodities move across the customs area.

It is suggested to further strengthen the policy coordination and unified norms of customs supervision, and implement the measures to facilitate customs clearance.

In addition, customs in Shenzhen and other places have explored a set of centralized Customs declaration mode on the basis of long-term practice, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of customs clearance, reducing the cost of supervision and reducing the cost of enterprises.

However, the actual practice is not consistent with the current regulations that require the business documents to be one-to-one, and is under the pressure of adjustment.

It is suggested that thematic research be carried out in this regard, and relevant regulations should be adjusted and perfected when necessary.

four is a macroeconomic regulation and control policy to control prices. It helps to alleviate the upward pressure on the comprehensive cost of exports and curb the appreciation of the RMB effective exchange rate.

In addition, from the actual purchasing power, the nominal exchange rate of RMB against the US dollar has been overestimated.

It is suggested that we should appropriately adjust the target of regulation and control, take measures to curb the upward trend of nominal exchange rate of RMB, and create conditions for maintaining the stability of comprehensive effective exchange rate.

further increase the "promotion pformation" < a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com/news/index_c.asp" > policy intensity < /a > /strong > /p >

one is to promote regional integration and optimization of special customs supervision.

On the basis of deepening the opening and innovation of Shanghai free trade pilot area, we should make overall plans for the layout of special regional development in China, and make a "mature and approved one" for the free trade parks (port) districts with specific test functions, and strive to make great breakthroughs in institutional innovation, so as to foster a new advantage of open economy and try to accumulate experience first.

two is to improve the enterprise external investment promotion system.

The "going out" of enterprises is not only conducive to speeding up the adjustment of domestic industrial structure, and promoting enterprises to cross border allocation of marketing channels, technology and other strategic resources, but also to enhance the global influence of Chinese manufacturing, service and brand, and promote domestic exports.

In this survey, 40% of the enterprises chose to pfer production and orders to overseas as the preferred strategy of long-term strategy. The proportion was higher than other options, indicating that domestic enterprises had strong driving force for foreign investment.

The government should further strengthen the building of the promotion system, and make substantial progress in reducing administrative examination and approval, providing information services, strengthening facilitation measures and international coordination and cooperation.

three is to expand the opening of service industry.

Deepening the opening of service industry is a fundamental need to eliminate bottlenecks in development, speed up the pformation and upgrading of traditional industries and enhance the overall competitiveness of industries.

Through the pilot construction of Shanghai Free Trade Zone, China has made significant progress in promoting the full liberalization of the service sector.

However, due to the limited scope of implementation, it is difficult for the service industry investors in the region to provide convenience to domestic consumers.

We should further expand the scope of implementation of the pilot area by setting up an open service function park for service industries, and accumulate effective experience for the liberalization of investment in service industries.

four is to encourage trade mode and format innovation.

The successful experience of the rapid development of e-commerce platform in China fully demonstrates the huge market effect brought about by the innovation of trade mode and format.

The government should promptly study and formulate supporting policies for the construction of an international e-commerce platform, encourage operators to continuously innovate and expand their business, and gradually develop into an integrated service oriented enterprise, which will stimulate the vitality of all kinds of foreign trade service participants.